Table 1
Common causes of adult spontaneous hypoglycaemia
| Pancreatic |
| Insulinoma |
| Non-insulinoma pancreatogenic hypoglycaemia (NIPH) |
| Nesiodioblastosis |
| Pluriglandular syndrome |
| Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 |
| Non-islet cell tumour hypoglycaemia |
| Insulin-like frowth factor II secreting tumours (for example, mesenchymal tumours, haemangiopericytomas, carcinomas of the liver, stomach, and adrenals) |
| Lymphoma, myeloma, and leukaemias |
| Metastatic cancer |
| Autoimmune hypoglycaemia |
| Autoimmune insulin syndrome (AIS) |
| Anti-insulin receptor |
| Pancreatic Graves disease |
| Reactive (alimentary) hypoglycaemia |
| Post-gastric surgery |
| Alcohol provoked reactive hypoglycaemia |
| Idiopathic |
| AIS |
| NIPH |
| Drug induced |
| Insulin |
| Sulfonylurea |
| Repaglinide |
| Salicylates |
| Paracetamol |
| Quinine |
| Haloperidol |
| Disopyramide |
| β Blockers |
| Pentamadine |
| Many others |
| Dietary toxins |
| Alcohol |
| Unripe ackee nuts |
| Mushrooms causing acute liver failure |
| Organ failure |
| Severe liver disease |
| Endstage renal disease and renal dialysis |
| Congestive cardiac failure |
| Acute respiratory failure |
| Endocrine disease |
| Generalised or selective hypopituitarism and hypothalamic insufficiency |
| Adrenal failure and cortisol resistance |
| Hypothyroidism |
| Postoperative removal of phaeochromocytoma |
| Inborn errors of metabolism |
| Glycogen storage disease |
| Hereditary fructose intolerance |
| Galactosaemia |
| Carnitine deficiency |
| Disorders of gluconeogenesis |
| Disorders of mitochondrial β oxidation |
| Miscellaneous |
| Sepsis |
| Starvation including anorexia nervosa |
| Total parenteral nutrition |
| Severe excessive exercise |
