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This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: jcp.2007.049312v1 61/1/3    most recent Submit a response Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this link to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Add article to my folders Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Montironi, R Articles by Cheng, L Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Montironi, R Articles by Cheng, L Pubmed/NCBI databases Medline Plus Health Information Bladder Cancer

Morphological diagnosis of urothelial neoplasms

¹ Section of Pathological Anatomy, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region (Ancona), Ancona, Italy
² Unit of Anatomic Pathology, Cordoba University Medical School, Cordoba, Spain
³ Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA

Correspondence to:
Professor Rodolfo Montironi, Section of Pathological Anatomy and Histopathology, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region (Ancona), School of Medicine, United Hospitals, I-60020 Torrette, Ancona, Italy; r.montironi{at}univpm.it

ABSTRACT
The morphological classification and diagnosis of bladder neoplasms is summarised, with specific focus on histological typing, grading and staging. Four diagnostic categories are described on the basis of the pattern of growth of the urothelial lesions and tumours (flat, exophytic or papillary, endophytic, and invasive). The WHO 2004 classification is currently used. However, the WHO 1973 classification is still considered by many urologists and oncologists as the international standard in patient management.