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Published Online First: 1 June 2007. doi:10.1136/jcp.2007.049312
Journal of Clinical Pathology 2008;61:3-10
Copyright © 2008 by the BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & Association of Clinical Pathologists.

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*Bladder Cancer

MY APPROACH

Morphological diagnosis of urothelial neoplasms

R Montironi1, R Mazzucchelli1, M Scarpelli1, A Lopez-Beltran2, L Cheng3

1 Section of Pathological Anatomy, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region (Ancona), Ancona, Italy
2 Unit of Anatomic Pathology, Cordoba University Medical School, Cordoba, Spain
3 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA

Correspondence to:
Professor Rodolfo Montironi, Section of Pathological Anatomy and Histopathology, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region (Ancona), School of Medicine, United Hospitals, I-60020 Torrette, Ancona, Italy; r.montironi{at}univpm.it


ABSTRACT
The morphological classification and diagnosis of bladder neoplasms is summarised, with specific focus on histological typing, grading and staging. Four diagnostic categories are described on the basis of the pattern of growth of the urothelial lesions and tumours (flat, exophytic or papillary, endophytic, and invasive). The WHO 2004 classification is currently used. However, the WHO 1973 classification is still considered by many urologists and oncologists as the international standard in patient management.








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Copyright © 2008 by the BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & Association of Clinical Pathologists.